The key difference between RAM and memory is that RAM is a type of memory used for temporary, fast data storage while a computer is running, whereas memory can also refer to long-term storage solutions like HDDs and SSDs.
What is RAM?
RAM enables your computer to perform everyday tasks such as loading applications, browsing the internet, editing spreadsheets, or playing the latest games. It also allows you to switch quickly between these tasks, remembering your progress in each. Generally, more memory improves multitasking performance.
For example, when you turn on your computer, check your email, and edit a spreadsheet, memory is used in several ways:
- To load and run applications like your spreadsheet program and email.
- To respond to commands, such as deleting an email or editing the spreadsheet.
- To toggle between open programs, like switching between the spreadsheet and your email.
What is Memory?
A physical device that stores data or information temporarily or permanently is called memory. It’s where data is stored and processed. A computer typically has primary and secondary memories. Auxiliary (secondary) memory stores data and programs for long-term storage or until the user decides to remove them, while main memory stores instructions and data during program execution. Thus, any program or file currently running on a computer is stored in primary memory.
Memory Classification
Computer memory comes in various types and serves different purposes:
Primary Memory (RAM – Random Access Memory):
This volatile memory loses its contents when the machine is turned off. RAM stores data that is actively being used. During the booting process, the operating system and necessary applications use RAM to execute files or programs. It speeds up CPU processing by providing fast access to data and instructions.
Secondary Memory (Storage):
Also known as permanent memory or non-volatile memory, secondary memory retains data even when the machine shuts down. Files, programs, and the operating system are stored here permanently. Devices like HDDs, SSDs, USB flash drives, and optical discs are examples of non-volatile memory.
Cache Memory:
This is smaller and faster than RAM, positioned closer to the CPU. Cache memory provides quicker data access for the CPU compared to RAM.
RAM VS Memory
The primary difference between RAM and memory is given below:
| RAM (Random Access Memory) | Secondary Memory (Storage) | |
| Full Form | Random Access Memory | Secondary Storage |
| Definition | Volatile memory used for temporary storage of data and instructions currently in use by the CPU. | Non-volatile memory used for long-term storage of data and programs. |
| Volatility | Volatile: Data is lost when power is turned off. | Non-volatile: Data is retained even when power is turned off. |
| Data Access Speed | Very fast | Slower compared to RAM |
| Purpose | Provides quick access to data and instructions for the CPU during operation. | Stores files, programs, and the operating system permanently. |
| Example Devices | DRAM, SRAM | HDDs, SSDs, USB flash drives, optical discs |
| Storage Duration | Temporary, while the system is running | Permanent, until the user deletes or modifies the data |
| Role in System | Acts as the computer’s primary memory for active tasks. | Acts as the computer’s secondary memory for long-term storage. |
| Data Accessibility | Directly accessible by the CPU. | Data must be transferred to RAM for the CPU to access it. |
| Capacity | Generally smaller in capacity compared to secondary memory. | Generally larger in capacity. |
| Cost | More expensive per unit of storage. | Less expensive per unit of storage. |